Informations du cours

Oxidative stress is an imbalance between the production of free radicals and the biological systems' ability to detoxify these reactive species. Free radicals are unstable molecules containing one or more unpaired electrons, making them highly reactive. The main sources of free radicals in cells include normal metabolic processes, exposure to environmental agents such as pollution and radiation, as well as stress.

The consequences of oxidative stress on cells are manifold. It can damage lipids, proteins, and DNA, leading to cellular dysfunction and contributing to the development of diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases.

Cells have developed several defense mechanisms against oxidative stress. This includes antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and glutathione peroxidase, as well as non-enzymatic antioxidant molecules such as vitamin C, vitamin E, and glutathione. These compounds neutralize free radicals by converting them into less reactive forms or by eliminating them from the biological system.

StUdies on oxidative stress are essential for understanding the underlying mechanisms of many diseases and for developing targeted therapeutic strategies. Approaches to reduce oxidative stress include modifying the diet, administering antioxidant supplements, and developing specific drugs targeting pathways involved in the oxidative stress response.

In conclusion, oxidative stress is a complex physiological process with significant implications for human health. Understanding its mechanisms and consequences is crucial for developing effective therapies and preventing the development of oxidative stress-related diseases.

This should provide the English version of the summary on oxidative stress suitable for your Master 1 BMC students.